ASSESSMENT TYPES
Norm-Referenced vs Criterion-Referenced: There is a dichotomy between the two terms, and for my site I have chosen to examine a variety of Criterion-based tests that can be used with in the constraints of a 72 minute class.
Norm-Referenced
This is what most students think when being told they are being "tested". They will get a mark and a Grade after performing the task being tested. Final Provincial exams are norm-referenced as each student will receive a grade and be placed on a mathematical scale. These tests can be marked quickly providing no Washback, and tests of this nature are more concerned with reliability, practicality, and validity. These tests are used for large populations and standardized testing methods (e.g. Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOFEL))
Criterion-Referenced
These tests are created with a purpose of providing feedback on a specific topic thats fits the lesson or unit objective. These tests are administered on a smaller scale (usually your class) and are intimately connected to the topic just covered. Teacher involvement is greater and it is crucial that adequate constructive wash back is provided. It is with theses tests the teacher can reinforce learning and identify areas of weakness. With criterion-referenced tests washback, validity, and authenticity are the primary principles
Reference
Brown, H. D. & Lee H. (2015). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. Person Education, Inc.: White Plains, New York. (PP. 514-515).